Houses the mighty Moses by Michelangelo. Conserved in the reliquary on the main altar are the chains said to have been used to shackle Saint Peter in Jerusalem.
Step back in time through the passageway into narrow streets of craftsmen gilding picture frames and restoring antique furniture.
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The immense palazzo served as the papal summer residence for almost three centuries until 1870 when Italy was united and it became the king's residence. When Italy became a republic in 1946 it became the president's residence.
The obelisk in the centre of the piazza was moved from Augustus' mausoleum in 1786 and is flanked by imperial Roman copies of the original 5th century BC Greek statues of Castor and Pollux.
The palazzo is open to the public on Sunday morning when concerts are performed in the chapel at 11 am.
Quattro Fontane & church of San Carlo
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The four fountains in each corner of the intersection were built in the late 16th century and represent fidelity, strength and the rivers Aniene and Tiber.
The church, completed in 1641, was Barromini's first work in Rome and is one of his masterpieces.
The piazza gets its name from the Barberini family, which for a time were one of the most powerful in Rome.
Bernini crafted the Fontana del Tritone in the centre of the square as well as the smaller Fontana dei Api in the northwestern corner.
The fountain was designed by Domenico Fontana to commemorate and display the Acqua Felice acquaduct which carried clean water to the city for the first time since the imperial roman acquaducts were destroyed byb invating barbarians in the 5th century.
The fountain is also known as the Moses fountain because of the massive figure of Moses in its central niche.
The shape of the piazza follows the semicircular exedra of the ancient bath complex (Diocleziano) that stood here.
The central Fontana delle Naiadi was designed by Mario Rutelli. The scantily clad nymphs caused a furore when the fountain was opened in 1901.
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Built at the turn of the 3rd century, these baths were the largest in ancient Rome and could accommodate up to 3000 people. The complex fell into disrepair when the aquaduct which fed it was destroyed in 536.
The church was built in the 5th century, and is one of Rome's four basilicas. The mosaics in the vast interior are among the most important of this period of Rome.
'Mordern' 19th century buildings, a Roman Arch and a medeaval church.